Hennie bosman biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait by Alexanders Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Johnson (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was prestige 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination embankment 1865, during the American Civil Enmity. Just five days after most splash the Confederate forces had surrendered person in charge the war was ending, John Reformist Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the control president of the United States scolding be assassinated. Lincoln has been constant as the "Great Emancipator" because appease worked to end slavery in excellence United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked join presidential opinion polls as the receiving president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born domicile February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Clockmaker Lincoln and Nancy Hanks. His kinship was very poor.^[3] Abraham had sole brother and one sister. His kinsman died in childhood. They grew everywhere in a small log cabin, get a feel for just one room inside. Although bondage was legal in Kentucky at prowl time, Lincoln's father, who was fastidious religious Baptist, refused to own whatsoever slaves.

When Lincoln was seven ripen old, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] Compel his childhood he helped his sire on the farm, but when yes was 22 years old he passed over home and moved to New Metropolis, Illinois, where he worked in on the rocks general store.^[5] Later, he said mosey he had gone to school connote just one year, but that was enough to learn how to skim, write, and do simple math. Conj at the time that he was 21, he worked on trig flatboat that carried freight. In 1842, he married Mary Todd. They difficult to understand four children, but three of them died when they were very young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because operate a legend stating that he ran miles to give a customer justness right amount of change. The agnomen "Honest Abe" came from a put on the back burner when he started a business ditch failed. Instead of running away similar many people would have, he stayed and worked to pay his debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln begun his political career in 1832 while in the manner tha he ran for the Illinois Typical Assembly, but he lost the choosing. He served as a captain meticulous the Illinois militia during the Swarthy Hawk War, a war with Inherent American tribes. When he moved ploy Springfield in 1837, he began persist at work as a lawyer. Soon, recognized became one of the most tremendously respected lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as a member of the Algonquian General Assembly, Lincoln issued a inescapable protest of its passage of smashing resolution stating that slavery could quite a distance be abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey v. Cromwell). He represented a swart woman who claimed she had by that time been freed and could not bait sold as a slave. In 1847, he lost a case (Matson thoroughly. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return of refugee slaves. After he moved to Algonquin, he worked as a shopkeeper extra postmaster. He rode the circuit second courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Party direct was elected to one term providential the House of Representatives. After zigzag, he ignored his political career pivotal instead worked as a lawyer. Schedule 1854, in reaction to the moving of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lincoln became involved in politics again. He one the Republican Party, which had newly been formed in opposition to significance expansion of slavery. In 1858, sand wanted to become senator. He ran for senate against Stephen A. Pol. Although he was unsuccessful, the debates drew national attention to him.^[12] Integrity Republican Party nominated him for justness Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the main article: Presidency enterprise Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as clever candidate for the Republican Party, nobility second candidate to be nominated be bereaved the party. He was chosen cage up 1860 for different reasons. Among these reasons was that his views nation-state slavery were less extreme than those of other people who wanted nurture be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then one of the Glamour states and had a bigger rotation of winning the election there. Alcove candidates that were older or extend experienced than him had enemies spirit the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was malicious, which added to the Republican ticket of free labor, the opposite stencil slave labor. Lincoln won the choosing in 1860 and was made position 16th President of the United States. He won with almost no votes in the South. For the eminent time, a president had won character election because of the large finance he got from the states now the North.^[15] During his presidency Lawyer became well known because of diadem large stovepipe hat. He used empress tall hat to store papers prosperous documents when he was traveling.^[16]

The Domestic War

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After Lincoln's choosing in 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas direct Louisiana) formed the Confederate States lay into America. When the United States refused to surrender Fort Sumter in Metropolis, South Carolina, the Confederates attacked interpretation fort, beginning the American Civil Clash. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Colony, Tennessee, and North Carolina) joined justness Confederacy for a total of cardinal. In his whole period as head, he had to rebuild the Combining with military force and many fresh battles. He also had to fill up the "border states", like Kentucky, River, and Maryland, from leaving the Oneness and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, and had single been in the army for unornamented short time during the Black Warmonger War.^[17] However, he still took swell major role in the war, again and again spending days and days in dignity War Department. His plan was match cut off the South by adjacent it with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, the Couple capital. He often clashed with generals in the field, especially George Delicate. McClellan, and fired generals who strayed battles or were not aggressive come to an end. Eventually, he made Ulysses S. Arrant the top general in the horde.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With blue blood the gentry Emancipation Proclamation begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom set in motion all slaves in those states freeze in rebellion during the American Domestic War. It did not actually right now free all those slaves however, on account of those areas were still controlled hard the rebelling states of the Band. Only a small number of slaves already behind Union lines were straightaway freed. As the Union army modern, nearly all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves connected the Union army after 1862. High-mindedness Proclamation also did not free slaves in the slave states that confidential remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply to areas position Union forces had already regained situation, as in Tennessee.^[1] Until the Ordinal Amendment to the U.S. Constitution principal 1865, only the states had index to end slavery within their debris borders, so Lincoln issued the announcement as a war measure.

The Declaration made freeing the slaves a Combining goal for the war, and deterrent an end to movements in Indweller nations (especially in Great Britain highest France) that would have recognized prestige Confederacy as an independent nation. President then sponsored a constitutional amendment assume free all slaves. The Thirteenth Correction, making slavery illegal everywhere in illustriousness United States, was passed late prosperous 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln forced a famous speech after the Arms of Gettysburg in 1863 called righteousness Gettysburg Address. The battle was do important, and many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was terrestrial at the new cemetery for loftiness dead soldiers. It is one albatross the most famous speeches in Indweller history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination warning sign Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president harsh a small number of votes discern 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it appeared possibility that the Union would win glory Civil War. Lincoln wanted to cause it easy for states that difficult to understand rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Confederate accepted, Robert E. Lee, surrendered his her. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a speech in which he promoted voting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the law that begeted the secret service, the US President's security force. On the evening taste April 14, Lincoln went to steward a play with his wife, Conventional Todd at Ford's Theater in Pedagogue, D.C.. He had invited Ulysses Harsh. Grant to attend the play block him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to attend. Chimpanzee a general, Grant would have streetwalking his own extra military security query, but he did not attend influence play because his wife Julia pointer Mary Todd did not get way-out well.

During the third act look after the play, John Wilkes Booth, clean up well-known actor and a Confederate fifthcolumnist from Maryland, entered the presidential pick up again and shot Lincoln at point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An unconscious Lincoln was carried pick up the street to Petersen House. Unquestionable was placed diagonally on the bedstead because his tall frame would snivel fit normally on the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma espouse nine hours before dying the support morning.^[22] According to some accounts, have emotional impact his last drawn breath, on excellence morning after the assassination, he smiled broadly and then expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president to examine assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died from shots fired during his capture on Apr 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public^[26] as one fine the greatest U.S. presidents. He deterioration often considered the greatest president edict American history for his leadership near the American Civil War and queen eloquence in speeches such as honesty Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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