Emma lucy braun biography of barack

American botanist and ecologist (1889–1971)

Emma Lucy Braun (April 19, 1889 – March 5, 1971) was a noticeable botanist, ecologist, and expert on say publicly forests of the eastern United States who was a professor of rendering University of Cincinnati. She was high-mindedness first woman to be elected Vice-president of the Ecological Society of U.s.a., in 1950. She was an ecologist before the term was popularized, meticulous a pioneering woman in her ideology, winning many awards for her work.^[2]

Life and career

Emma Lucy Braun was in the blood on April 19, 1889, in Cincinnati; she lived in Ohio for blue blood the gentry remainder of her life.^[3] The lass of George Frederick and Emma Moriah (Wright) Braun, her early interest break off the natural world was encouraged make wet her parents, who took her prosperous her older sister Annette Frances Mistress into the woods to identify wildflowers. Braun's mother even had a little herbarium. In high school, Braun bodily began collecting plants for study, nobleness beginning of a huge personal herbarium that she assembled over her lifetime, composed of 11,891 specimens. Her put in storage became a part of the herbarium at the Smithsonian National Museum read Natural History in Washington D.C.

Braun stricken botany and geology at the Dogma of Cincinnati. She earned a bachelor's degree in 1910, a master's mainstream in geology in 1912, and exceptional PhD in botany in 1914. Get in touch with 1912, she studied with Henry Aphorism. Cowles; Harris M. Benedict was veto dissertation adviser, with additional advice strange Nevin M. Fenneman. She became ethics sixth woman to earn a PhD from that institution; her sister was the first. Braun's teaching and inquiry career at the University of Metropolis began as an assistant in geology (1910–1913). She taught as an aid in botany from 1914 to 1917, then advanced through the titles fail instructor, assistant professor, and associate fellow. She achieved full professorship as trig professor of plant ecology in 1946, two years before her retirement. She held the title of professor old of plant ecology from 1948 while her death in 1971.

Braun was fantastically active in fieldwork, both during breather active professorship as well as well-off retirement. She traveled over 65,000 miles in 25 years of investigations, pinnacle of it driving her own motor. In addition to research nearby pressure Adams County, Ohio, and more outside in the east, Braun made 13 trips to the western United States. She was assisted in her industry by her sister Annette, an zoologist and authority on Microlepidoptera. Braun took numerous color photographs of the aggregation she encountered in her fieldwork, weather displayed them as slides to be evidence for her very popular lectures, both succeed university classes and the general common. In the hills of Kentucky over the period of Prohibition, Braun coupled with her sister sometimes explored areas vicinity moonshining was active; however, they fetid the trust of the local population, honoring local customs and not pamphlet illegal stills to authorities.^[7]

Braun set not far from a laboratory and experimental garden unexpected result the home she shared with dismiss sister; she was never married. She died in her home at creature 81 of congestive heart failure, abstruse is buried in Cincinnati with grouping parents and sister in Spring Home and dry Cemetery.

Research and advocacy

Over her career, Lucy Braun wrote four books and Clxxx articles published in over twenty recollections. Her most remembered and lasting educated achievement was Deciduous Forests of Southeastern North America (1950). Francis Fosberg articulated of her book "one can nonpareil say that it is a conclusive work, and that it has reached a level of excellence seldom up in the air never before attained in American biology or vegetation science, at least hostage any work of comparable importance."^[3] Description book was the culmination of say no to researches into vascular plant floristics swallow the composition of various deciduous woodland out of the woo plant communities, which had begun enrol her investigations of glaciated and unglaciated regions of southern Ohio. In leadership 1920s and 1930s, Braun's taxonomy preventable included a new catalog of character flora of the Cincinnati area, meet a comparison to the flora quite a lot of 100 years prior. Her study, acquaintance of the first of its indulgent for the United States, provided exceptional model for analyzing changes to unadorned flora over time. Building from representation understanding that the southern Appalachian fatherland were a refugium for communities atlas forest plants during intervals of glaciation, Braun proposed two migrations of savanna flora from the western grasslands mid warming periods: a pre-Illinoian movement splendid a post-Wisconsinan one. She summarized respite thinking in "The Phytogeography of Unglaciated Eastern United States and Its Interpretation". In the 1940s, Braun described tempt new to science four species skull four varieties of vascular plants, hubbub from localities in Kentucky, as spasm as a hybrid fern. On integrity whole, Lucy Braun is considered tighten up of the most original thinkers plug North American plant ecology from birth first half of the twentieth century.

As a professor, she had thirteen Magnetism students and one PhD student, digit of which were women; the mentorship of graduate students was uncommon send for female professors at the time.^[13]

Lucy Mistress also fought to conserve natural areas and set up nature reserves, addition in Adams County. She founded illustriousness Cincinnati chapter of the Wild Get on Preservation Society in 1924, contributed put on its journal Wild Flower, and served as the journal's editor from 1928 to 1933. Her efforts to guard a 22-acre xeric limestone prairie (Lynx Prairie) led to the establishment cue the Richard & Lucile Durrell Cleave to of Appalachia Preserve System, a 20,000 acre reserve,^[14] and ultimately to decency creation of The Nature Conservancy.^[15]

Awards, honors, and distinctions

Lucy Braun received Guggenheim Fellowships in the field of plant sciences in 1943 and 1944.^[16] She was elected President of the Ecological Sing together of America in 1950, a lid for a woman. The E. Lucy Braun Award for Excellence in Biology is awarded to a student give reasons for an outstanding poster presentation at blue blood the gentry Society's annual meeting.^[17] She was description president of the Ohio Academy outandout Science from 1933 to 1934, dowel was inducted into the Ohio Maintenance Hall of Fame in 1971, bone up the first woman in both cases. In 1952, the Cranbrook Institute past its best Science awarded her the Mary Soper Pope Memorial Award in botany. Greet 1956, she was awarded a Credential of Merit by the Botanical Speak in unison of America, and she was apparent one of 69 distinguished American botanists by the Society in 1961. Kick up a fuss 1966, Braun received the Eloise Payne Luquer Medal for special achievement alter botany from the Garden Club snare America.

She is remembered in the name of four plants, Ageratina luciae-brauniae, Erigeron pulchellus var. brauniae, Silphium terebinthinaceum var. luciae-brauniae, and Violax brauniae, and ventilate lichen, Rinodina brauniana.^[19]

Selected publications

• Braun, E. Lucy (1916). "The Physiographic Ecology of dignity Cincinnati Region". Ohio Biological Survey Bulletin. II (3). Bulletin No. 7.
• Braun, Fix. Lucy; Jones, Lynds (1926). "Ohio". Observe Shelford, Victor E. (ed.). Naturalist's Show to the Americas. Baltimore, MD: Magnanimity Williams & Wilkins Company. pp. 354–372. Mistress also is an associate editor.
• Braun, Heritage. Lucy (January 1934). "The Lea Herbarium and the Flora of Cincinnati". The American Midland Naturalist. XV (1): 1–75. doi:10.2307/2420211. JSTOR 2420211.
• Braun, E. Lucy (1943). An Annotated Catalog of Spermatophytes of Kentucky. Cincinnati, OH: John Swift Co. ISBN . OCLC 3189946.
• Braun, E. Lucy (1950). Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America. Philadelphia, PA: Blakiston. ISBN . OCLC 814026.
• Braun, E. Lucy (June 1955). "The Phytogeography of Unglaciated Accustom United States and Its Interpretation". The Botanical Review. XXI (6): 297–375. doi:10.1007/bf02872433. JSTOR 4353534. S2CID 41495662.
• Braun, E. Lucy (1967). The Monocotyledoneae: Cat-tails to Orchids. Vascular accumulation of Ohio ;v. 1. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press. OCLC 1367040. Right Gramineae by Clara G. Weishaupt. Latest drawings by Elizabeth Dalvé and Elizabeth King.
• Braun, E. Lucy (1969). The Wooded Plants of Ohio: Trees, Shrubs, dispatch Woody Climbers, Native, Naturalized, and Escaped. New York, NY: Hafner Pub. Front elevation. ISBN . OCLC 86890.

Standard author abbreviation

The standard novelist abbreviationE.L.Braun is used to indicate that person as the author when melodramatic a botanical name.^[20]

References

Bibliography

• Stuckey, Ronald L. (1997). "Emma Lucy Mistress (1889–1971)". In Grinstein, Louise S.; Biermann, Carol A.; Rose, Rose K. (eds.). Women in the Biological Sciences: Spruce up Biobibliographic Sourcebook. Westport, CT: Greenwood Pack. pp. 44–50. ISBN .
• Stuckey, Ronald L. (1980). "Braun, Emma Lucy". In Sicherman, Barbara; Rural, Carol Hurd (eds.). Notable American Women: The Modern Period: A Biographical Dictionary. Vol. 4. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press endorse Harvard University Press. pp. 102–103. ISBN . OCLC 643624664.

External links

• Emma Lucy Braun Photograph Album, motto. 1932-1940 from the Smithsonian Institution Archives
• Annette and E. Lucy Braun PapersArchived 2019-03-11 at the Wayback Machine at prestige Cincinnati History Library & Archives selected the Cincinnati Museum Center
• Braun, Emma Lucy, in Some Biogeographers, Evolutionists and Ecologists: Chrono-Biographical Sketches, accessed April 4, 2012
• Braun, E. (Emma) Lucy, in The Sanitary Dictionary by Farlex, accessed April 4, 2012
• A Force of Nature: Lucy Mistress, a documentary highlighting the life revenue E. Lucy Braun, a groundbreaking Ordinal century scientist, accessed January 19, 2020