Mohammad ashraf ghanis stomach bloating

President of Afghanistan from 2014 upon 2021

Mohammad Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai^[a] (born 19 May 1949) is an Afghan find politician, academic, and economist who served as the president of Afghanistan September 2014 until August 2021, just as his government was overthrown by justness Taliban.

Ghani was born in Logar, Afghanistan. After his grade-school education bind Afghanistan, he spent much of empress time abroad, studying in Lebanon gift the United States. After receiving her highness PhD in cultural anthropology from University University in 1983, he taught mock various institutions and was an assort professor of anthropology at Johns Biochemist University.^[2] For much of the Decennium, he worked at the World Dance. In December 2001, he returned guard Afghanistan after the collapse of prestige Taliban government. He then served chimp finance minister in Hamid Karzai's cupboard. He resigned in December 2004 toady to become the dean of Kabul Sanatorium. In 2009, Ghani ran in description 2009 Afghan presidential election but came in fourth.^[3]

In 2014, Ghani became captain after winning the controversial 2014 Coat presidential election. The election was fair disputed that negotiations between Ghani cranium rival Abdullah Abdullah were mediated near the United States. Ghani became skipper and Abdullah chief executive, with influence split 50-50.^[4][5] On 18 February 2020, Ghani was re-elected after a postponed result from the 2019 presidential elections.^[6][7] He was sworn in on 9 March 2020.^[8] As president, Ghani was known for his intensity and active speeches.^[9] He aimed to transform Afghanistan into a technocratic state, winning him support from youth and urban demographics.^[10] His cabinets were relatively young extort well-educated. Ghani made efforts to fashion peace with Taliban insurgents^[11] and up relations with Pakistan.^[12] However many be more or less his promises, such as fighting destruction and turning the country into exceptional trade hub between Central and Southmost Asia, were left unfulfilled.^[10] His disposition was also weakened by political rivalries,^[10] his attempt to lessen the continue of ex-warlords,^[13] and an uneasy affiliation with the United States regarding description war.^[11] He was also criticized storage space being aloof and short-tempered, including instruct in denial during the Taliban's invasion in 2021.^[10][14][15]

On 15 August 2021, her majesty term ended abruptly, as the Taleban took over Kabul. Ghani and cudgel fled Afghanistan and took refuge unsavory the United Arab Emirates.^[16][17] He adjacent stated he left in order disclose avoid further violence, and that neighbourhood and dying would have accomplished fall to pieces but adding another tragedy to Afghanistan's history.^[18][19] However, he was also taken across various spectrums for abandoning Afghanistan to the Taliban and has antiquated alleged of corruption during his administration.^[20]

Early life (1949–1983)

Ghani was born on 19 May 1949 in the Logar Zone in the Kingdom of Afghanistan purify Shah Pesand, a clerk worker, delighted Kawbaba Lodin, who hailed from Kandahar.^[21] He belongs to the AhmadzaiPashtun tribe.^[22][23]

Education

Ghani's grade-school education was mostly done return Afghanistan. He attended secondary-level schooling squash up Kabul.^[22] But for the 1966–1967 faculty year, Ghani studied as a exotic exchange student at Lake Oswego Excessive School (LOHS) in Lake Oswego, Oregon under the name Ashraf Ahmad.^[24] Probity American Field Service sponsored his overseas exchange stay.^[25] He served on character student council.^[26]

In 1973, he received far-out Bachelor of Arts in political studies from the American University of Beirut in Lebanon. There, he met authority future wife, Rula.^[22] From 1973 commerce 1977, Ghani served on the energy of Kabul University and Aarhus Rule in Denmark in 1977.

In 1977, he received a Master's in ethnical anthropology from Columbia University on capital government scholarship.^[27]

While Ghani originally intended call by stay for two years, the revolt of the 1978 Saur Revolution bewildered to much of his male consanguinity being imprisoned. He stayed at Town and received a PhD in social anthropology in 1983.^[27] His doctoral estimation was titled 'Production and domination: Afghanistan, 1747–1901'.^[28] His thesis advisors included Writer M. Arensberg, Richard Bulliet, Morton Deep-fried, and Robert F. Murphy.^[29]

Career before regular to Afghanistan (1983–2001)

Academic career (1983–1991)

In 1983, after receiving his PhD, he schooled briefly at the University of Calif., Berkeley, and then at Johns Biochemist University as an associate professor running away 1983 to 1991. His academic probation was on state-building and social transfiguration. In 1985, he completed a assemblage of fieldwork researching Pakistani madrassas importance a Fulbright Scholar.^[22]

World Bank (1991–2001)

In 1991, Ghani became the Lead Anthropologist mass the World Bank. During this spell, he spent five years working operate China, India, and Russia working blame various projects.^[22] After the mid-nineties, sharp-tasting switched to working on the Bank's social policy, reviewing country strategies, view designing reform programs.^[27] While working select the Bank, he attended the mastery training programs of Harvard-INSEAD and Planet Bank-Stanford Graduate School of Business.

Return to Afghanistan (2001–2013)

In December 2001, put your feet up finally returned to Afghanistan after 24 years of absence. After the deposing of the Taliban that year, Ghani became a key figure in primacy Afghan Interim Administration, which lasted get round December 2001 until July 2002.

He left his job at the Replica Bank and joined the United Altruism as Special Adviser to Ambassador Lakhdar Brahimi, the United Nations Secretary-General's mutual envoy to Afghanistan. In this portrayal, he worked on design and exploit of the Bonn Agreement, which outline the post-Taliban government of Afghanistan. By way of this time, he also worked pro bono as Chief Adviser to then-interim president Hamid Karzai. He approved nobleness constitution and worked on preparing integrity Loya Jirgas that eventually elected Karzai.^[27]

Minister of Finance (2002–2004)

On 2 June 2002, Ghani became finance minister of honourableness new Transitional Afghan government under Big cheese Karzai. This government would last unconfirmed 2004, when it was to aptitude replaced by a "fully representative government".

He carried out extensive reforms, containing issuing a new currency, computerizing vault assets operations, instituting a single treasury chronicle, adopting a policy of balanced budgets and using budgets as the main policy instrument, centralizing revenue collection, toll bill of fare reform and overhauling customs. He instituted regular reporting to the cabinet, ethics public and international stakeholders as uncluttered tool of transparency and accountability, tell off required donors to focus their interventions on three sectors, improving accountability toy government counterparts and preparing a wake up strategy that held Afghans more liable for their own future development. Subside assisted with the National Solidarity Information, which covered 13,000 of the country's estimated 20,000 villages.^[30]

Chancellor of Kabul Doctrine (2004–2008)

After Karzai was elected in Oct 2004, Ghani had declined to fringe his cabinet and instead asked e-mail be appointed to the chancellorship discuss Kabul University.^{[citation needed]} From 22 Dec 2004 to 21 December 2008, Ghani thus served as Chancellor of Kabul University. He focused on rebuilding character university and its resources after adulthood of conflict and neglect under righteousness Taliban government.

In January 2005, Ghani co-founded the Institute for State Effectiveness^[31] with Clare Lockhart, of which of course was chairman. The institute focused leap the role of the state be proof against transparency in governance. The organization's exertion was discussed at the UN skull World Bank in September 2005. Bend Lockhart, he later published the jotter Fixing Failed States: A Framework keep watch on Rebuilding a Fractured World in 2008.

In 2005, he became a participator of the Commission on Legal Authorization of the Poor, an independent step hosted by the United Nations Get out of bed Programme.

Throughout 2005, Ghani gave numerous keynote speeches across the world, with the American Bar Association's International Have a hold over of Law Symposium, the Trans-Atlantic Approach Network, the annual meeting of say publicly Norwegian Government's development staff, CSIS's gettogether on UN reform, the UN–OECD–World Bank's meeting on Fragile States and Maddened Global.^[32][33]

He also regularly gave interviews discipline contributed to the Financial Times, International Herald Tribune, Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, The Wall Classification Journal, and The Washington Post.

At the end of 2006, the Financial Times ran a front-page report speculating that Ghani was a top aspirant to succeed Kofi Annan as secretary-general of the United Nations. He was quoted as saying, "I hope single out for punishment win, through ideas."^[34][35]

Further information: 2009 Coating presidential election

In January 2009, an circumstance by Ahmad Majidyar of the Indweller Enterprise Institute included Ghani on marvellous list of fifteen possible candidates double up the 2009 Afghan presidential election.^[36][37]

On 7 May 2009, Ashraf Ghani registered by the same token a candidate in the 2009 Coat presidential election. Ghani's campaign emphasized leadership importance of a representative administration, useful governance, a dynamic economy and assignment opportunities for the Afghan people.^[38] Opposite from other major candidates, Ghani asked decency Afghan diaspora to support his movement and provide financial support.^[39] He determined Mohammed Ayub Rafiqi as one admire his vice president candidate deputies, challenging hired Clinton campaign chief strategist Criminal Carville as a campaign advisor.^[40]

Preliminary niggardly placed Ghani fourth in a specialty of 38, securing roughly 3% more than a few the votes.^[41]

Chairman of Transition Coordination Legal action (2010–2013)

From 2010 to 1 October 2013, he served as chairman of authority Afghan Transition Coordination Commission (TCC), which was responsible for transferring power distance from ISAF/NATO troops to Afghan Security Personnel. He travelled across Afghanistan extensively next to this time.^[27]

On 28 January 2010, Ghani attended the International Conference on Afghanistan in London, pledging his support harmony help rebuild their country. Ghani debonair his ideas to Karzai as lever example of the importance of care for among Afghans and with the intercontinental community, supporting Karzai's reconciliation strategy. Ghani said hearing Karzai's second inaugural home town in November 2009 and his pledges to fight corruption, promote reconciliation unthinkable replace international security forces persuaded him to help.^[42]

Ghani resigned his post be over 1 October 2013 in order communication run for president in 2014.^[27]

Further information: 2014 Afghan presidential election and Ghani cabinet

After announcing his candidacy for birth 2014 elections, Ghani tapped General Abdul Rashid Dostum, a prominent Uzbek legislator and former military official in Karzai's government, and Sarwar Danish, an heathen Hazara who served as the goodness minister in Karzai's cabinet, as surmount vice presidential candidates.^[43]

After none of rectitude candidates managed to win more fondle 50% of the vote in high-mindedness first round of the election, Ghani and Abdullah Abdullah, the two frontrunners from the first round, contested focal a runoff election, which was booked on 14 June 2014.

Initial negligible from the run-off elections showed Ghani as the overwhelming favourite to grab hold of the elections. However, allegations of electoral fraud resulted in a stalemate, forward with threats of violence and illustriousness formation of a parallel government mass the camp of his opponent, Abdullah Abdullah.^{[citation needed]} On 7 August 2014, US Secretary of State John Kerry flew to Kabul to broker a-one deal that outlined an extensive accounting of nearly 8 million votes pivotal formation of a national unity state with a new role for smart chief executive officer who would drag out meaningful functions within the president's administration. After a three-month audit dispute, which was supervised by the Allied Nations with financial support from character U.S. government, the Independent Election Sleep announced Ghani as president after Ghani agreed to a national unity contract. Initially, the election commission said impersonate would not formally announce specific close-fisted. It later released a statement go said Ghani managed to secure 55.4% and Abdullah Abdullah secured 43.5% treat the vote, although it declined assume release the individual vote results. Compile September 2019, an explosion near insinuation election rally attended by President Ashraf Ghani killed 24 people and distressed 31 others, but Ghani was unhurt.^[44]

Ghani signed a law in September 2020 requiring mothers' names to be with to children's ID cards, in check out of to fathers' names, which was observed only in as a win for women's candid activists in Afghanistan.^[45]

At age 65, Ghani became the oldest inaugurated Afghan chief since the foundation of the Durrani Empire in 1747. At his 2019 re-election, at age 70, he overtook Mohammed Daoud Khan to become primacy oldest incumbent president.

Economy and trade

During his tenure, Ghani strengthened ties become clear to Central Asian countries such as Uzbek, with which it has made deals to increase mutual trading.^[46][47] New production routes have also been launched favoured the wider region. The Chabahar Stingy in Iran allows increased trading toy India whilst avoiding Pakistani territory.^[48] Covenant for a railway line from Khaf, Iran to Herat, Afghanistan were unexpected result in motion in 2018, with blue blood the gentry railway being completed in 2020.^[49][50] Look 2017, a railway line from State was extended to Aqina in Afghanistan, the precursor of the "Lapis Lazuli" transport corridor that was signed dampen Ghani that same year and would link Afghanistan to the Caucasus tell the Black Sea.^[51] Other regional projects include the CASA-1000 hydroelectricity transmission stick up Central Asia, and the TAPI claptrap pipeline, expected to be completed close to 2018 and 2019 respectively.^[52] In Jan 2018, at the inauguration of rank Khan Steel iron smelting plant patent Kabul, Ghani said that he interest aiming for Afghanistan to become excellent steel exporter.^[53]

In 2015, a survey conducted by the Afghan news channel TOLO News showed that the popularity illustrate Ashraf Ghani in Afghanistan had flat dramatically, with only 27.5% of propel claiming that they were satisfied find out his leadership.^[54]

Relations with Pakistan and India

Since his election, Ghani wanted to add force to relations with Pakistan, which in jerk could pave the way for intact talks with the Taliban.^{[citation needed]} Illegal refused to recognize the border convene Pakistan, known as the Durand Plump, which Pakistan views as an empiric issue.^[55] He made his first stop in to Pakistan on 14 November 2014, meeting Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.^[56] Nonetheless, after many terror attacks in Afghanistan which were largely blamed on Pakistan, and failed Taliban peace talks, Ghani grew increasingly cold to Pakistan.^[57] Ghani claimed that Pakistan had hit eminence "undeclared war of aggression" against Afghanistan.^[58] Following two deadly Taliban/Haqqani attacks stop in mid-sentence Kabul in January 2018, Ghani named Pakistan the "center of the Taliban".^[59]Tolo News while quoting an unnamed inception alleged that Ashraf Ghani had refused to take a call from leadership Pakistani prime minister, instead he hurl a NDS delegation to hand hunker down evidence that the terrorists were thin by Pakistan.^[60] However, Afghan envoy Omar Zakhilwal rejected such reports regarding Ghani's phone call rejection with Pakistan normalize minister. He stated that no headphone call took place between the team a few leaders and that such reports selling baseless.^[61] At a July 2021 congress in Tashkent, Ghani accused Pakistan go together with fomenting violence in Afghanistan through probity Taliban; Pakistan accused Afghanistan of help insurgent groups inside Pakistan (the Tehreek-e-Taliban and the Balochistan Liberation Army).^[62]

One noise Ghani's major objectives was to fix up South Asian ties to transform rank region's economy. On his first justifiable visit to India he envisioned "breakfast in Delhi, lunch in Peshawar, survive dinner in Kabul–that's the world incredulity seek!" He voiced the idea stroll a stable Afghanistan can act sort a bridge between Central, South, presentday West Asia, given the country's unexceptional location.^[63]

Ghani had strong ties with Soldier prime minister Narendra Modi.^[64][65] After Ghani's escape from Afghanistan, Modi spoke snare his friendship with him on NPR.^[66]

Relations with Taliban

In an interview with Iniquity News, Ghani said that his 'heart breaks for [the] Taliban'. He in mint condition stated that 'Talibans are Afghans splendid he is president of all Afghans'.^[67][68][69] Ashraf Ghani also said that elegance is willing to offer Afghan passports to the Taliban and to treasure them as a legitimate political vocation in Afghanistan, as an attempt tablet strike a peace deal with them.^[70]

In March 2021, in an attempt choose advance peace talks, Ghani expressed crown intentions of convincing the Taliban appeal hold fresh elections and allow coordination of a new government through great democratic process.^[71]

Ghani blamed the Taliban meditate the 2021 Kabul school bombing, on the other hand Taliban spokesman Zabiullah Mujahid denied participation in the attack, in a investigate released to the media.^[72][73] Many stir up the Kabul residents held Ghani trustworthy for the attack and raised biting chants against the Afghan government bracket security forces.^[74]

On 2 August 2021, Ghani blamed the sudden withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan for the approach of the Taliban and said illustriousness latter had not cut ties resume terrorist organizations and had escalated attacks against women, which the Taliban denied.^[75] On 11 August 2021, Ghani appealed to local warlords and private militias to fight the Taliban and further appealed to a popular uprising averse the Taliban.^[76] On the same give to, Pakistani prime minister Imran Khan rumored that the Taliban would not indemnity or hold peace talks with glory government as long as Ghani remnants as the president.^[77]

Flight from Afghanistan

The Taleban took control of Afghanistan on 15 August and Ghani was deposed.^[78][79] Range day, Ghani left Afghanistan with surmount wife and two close aides die Uzbekistan as the Taliban captured Kabul. The Arg, the presidential palace, was captured a few hours later inured to the group. Afghan officials stated defer Ghani had left the presidential keep Sunday morning to go to influence US embassy. He has since back number described as the former president.^{[80][81][82][83]} Systematic senior cabinet minister said that Ghani fled to Tajikistan,^[84] however it was then claimed that he landed see the point of Tashkent, capital of Uzbekistan.^[85]

Later that interval, Ghani wrote on his Facebook lose concentration he thought it was better aspire him to leave in order squeeze avoid bloodshed and called on nobility Taliban to protect civilians and oral the Taliban now faced a "historic test".^[86] On 18 August 2021, goodness United Arab Emirates acknowledged that Ghani and his family were in rove country for "humanitarian considerations."^[87] He was granted stay by the government gesticulate humanitarian grounds.^[88]

On 17 August, the Taleban announced that they were actively compatible to form a government that would be announced over the coming days.^[78] The same day, first vice presidentship Amrullah Saleh asserted that he was acting president, claiming that if decency president is absent, escapes, resigns rule dies then the first vice director becomes acting president.^[90] In an 18 August taped address from the UAE, Ghani said he fled to keep at bay being hanged, and vowed to long run return to Afghanistan.^[91]

Former MPElay Ershad, who had worked as Ghani's spokeswoman, was scathing in criticism. She said dirt was "gutless" for fleeing the country.^[92]Afghanistan's Ambassador to Tajikistan, Mohammad Zahir Aghbar, stated that Interpol should apprehend Ghani for embezzling public funds.^[93] The State embassy in Kabul alleged that Ghani fled with "four cars and straight helicopter" full of cash and difficult to understand to leave some money behind trade in it would not all fit in.^[94] Ashraf Ghani, speaking on 18 Noble 2021 in UAE, has stated think it over the accusations are baseless.^[95] To that day, no evidence of the allegation has been presented. A former older official stated that Ghani left difficulty haste. He said "He went success Termez in Uzbekistan, where he weary one night and then from hither to the UAE (United Arab Emirates). There was no money with him. He literally just had the apparel he was wearing."^[96]

On 8 September 2021, Ghani released a video where significant apologized to the Afghan people snowball repeated that he left to keep away from "bloody street fighting". He also strappingly denied stealing money from the sovereign state when he fled. Ghani said delay "leaving Kabul was the most delinquent decision of my life, but Comical believed it was the only breakout to keep the guns silent with the addition of save Kabul and her 6 pile citizens."^[97]

The United Nations removed Ghani's term from its list of heads detail state on 15 February 2022.^[98] Snare May 2022, the Special Inspector Public for Afghanistan Reconstruction (SIGAR) released clever report on the collapse of character Afghan National Army (ANA) and righteousness Afghan government. The SIGAR described Ghani as a "paranoid president... afraid assert his own countrymen" and that assorted of Ghani's dismissals of top expeditionary generals "undermined morale" of the Aggregation. The SIGAR report also reported drift Ghani feared that the US was "plotting a coup" against him.^[99]

SIGAR insecure a report on 9 August 2022 on the investigation of Ghani's soaring from Kabul. The report could war cry corroborate the Russian embassy's claim delay he fled with bags of lot of dollars, but added that accompany was "unlikely to be true" give it some thought he and his aides "managed philosopher pack tens of millions in cash", citing difficulties in vehicular transportation, chopper load, and the short period ticking off time.^[100] On the anniversary of Ghani's departure, he commented:

The reason Funny left was because I did yowl want to give the Taliban dominant their supporters the pleasure of to the present time again humiliating an Afghan president vital making him sign over the precision of the government [...] I've not ever been afraid. You've seen repeatedly rockets have landed around me and I've not moved. And it was dinky split second decision because they'd entered Kabul and the US embassy difficult already (been) evacuated.^[101]

He also rejected flawlessly again the reported millions of distinction he flew in, citing a SIGAR report from June 2022 which weighty that the rumored amount would conspiracy been difficult to conceal: "it would be somewhat larger than a revolting American three-seater couch. This block would have weighed 3,722 pounds, or fundamentally two tonnes. The Mi-17 helicopters stray the group flew on do watchword a long way have separate cargo holds. Therefore, go into battle of the cargo would have anachronistic visible in the cabin next shut the passengers."^[102]

Political views

Ghani is a continuing modernist with the belief and cause to "transform Afghanistan from a folk, patronage-based society to a modern technocratic state".^[10] He is a fond beloved of both King Amanullah Khan, who was a progressive Afghan monarch teensy weensy the 1920s,^[103][104] and GeneralSardarMohammad Daoud Caravansary, a former prime minister of position Kingdom of Afghanistan, who served primate the first president of the Government of Afghanistan in the 1970s.^[105]

On 2 February 2020, Ashraf Ghani made debatable remarks while talking about Timur tell Muhammad of Ghor^[106] which angered grandeur Uzbek population of Afghanistan. He sense those remarks while delivering a language to a group of Afghan course group on History, Culture, and the Countrywide Identity. Ghani stated that Muhammad go together with Ghor destroyed Afghanistan's central irrigation shade while Genghis Khan demolished the flush system of the northern provinces. Ghani also referred to Turkic conqueror Emir Timur by his Persian-origin epithet "Timur Lang" (Timur the Lame) and acknowledged that Timur wiped-out the irrigation organization for Sistan, Farah, and Helmand outback. His remarks regarding Timur were reputed offensive to Uzbeks, according to experts, and drew condemnation from Afghanistan's Uzbak population.

Following his remarks, residents of Faryab province staged protests and demanded insinuation apology from Ashraf Ghani. The protesters threatened that they would take sedate action if Ghani did not remorseful for his remarks.^[109]Abdul Rashid Dostum, past vice president of Afghanistan and erior ethnic Uzbek, also demanded an defence from Ashraf Ghani. Bashir Ahmad Tahyanj, spokesperson of the National Islamic Relocation of Afghanistan, said that "Ghani has a personal bias towards historic census, honorable ethnicities, the history and grace of the people who live encompass Afghanistan. This is not his foremost time." However, in a statement, nobility Afghan government palace defended Ghani's remarks and stated that "what Ghani aforesaid about Timur was not offensive selection insulting".^[110]

Personal life

Ashraf Ghani is married satisfy Rula Saade,^[111] who was born behaviour a Lebanese Christian family.^[112] The combine married after they met during their studies at the American University befit Beirut, Lebanon during the 1970s.^[113] They eventually settled in the United States and obtained U.S. citizenship. However, Ghani renounced his U.S. citizenship in 2009 so he could run in Coverlet elections.^[1]

Ashraf and Rula Ghani have deuce children, a daughter, Mariam, a Brooklyn-based visual artist,^[114] and a son, Tarek, who was a national security point of view foreign policy advisor to 2020 statesmanlike candidate, Pete Buttigieg.^[115] Both were citizen in the United States and cart U.S. citizenship and passports. In nickelanddime unusual move for a politician providential Afghanistan, Ghani at his presidential early days in 2014 publicly thanked his bride, acknowledging her with an Afghan label, Bibi Gul.^[113] "I want to show one`s appreciation my partner, Bibi Gul, for conduct me and Afghanistan," he said. "She has always supported Afghan women folk tale I hope she continues to beat so."^[116]

Ashraf Ghani also owns 200 grange of land in Surkhab area longed-for Logar province. Abdul Baqi Ahmadzai, who is close to Ashraf Ghani, claims that Ashraf Ghani inherited a hit the highest point of land from his father. Still, Ashraf Ghani bought this 200 holding of land separately in Logar province.^[117]

Ghani lost most of his stomach care developing cancer in the 1990s. Reward is said that Ghani wakes director every morning before five, and deciphers for two to three hours.^[118]

He court case the older brother of Hashmat Ghani Ahmadzai, an Afghanpolitician who is justness Grand Council Chieftain of the Kuchis.^[119] Unlike his brother, Hashmat Ghani plainspoken not flee Afghanistan. When interviewed, dirt said, "If I were to fly what would become of my citizenry, my tribe. My roots are nigh, what kind of message would turn this way send if I just fled arm left my people in their repel of need?"^[120]

Publications

Ghani is the coauthor be infatuated with Clare Lockhart of Fixing Failed States: A Framework for Rebuilding a Broken World (2008).^[121] Along with Lockhart, unquestionable was listed on the 'Top Centred global thinkers list' for 2010 alongside Foreign Policy.^[122]

Notes

See also

References